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Journal Article
Banks with something to lose: the disciplinary role of franchise value
Strahan, Philip E.; Saidenberg, Marc R.; Demsetz, Rebecca (1996-10)
As protectors of the safety and soundness of the banking system, banking supervisors are responsible for keeping banks' risk taking in check. The authors explain that franchise value--the present value of the stream of profits that a firm is expected to earn as a going concern--makes the supervisor's job easier by reducing banks' incentives to take risks. The authors explore the relationship between franchise value and risk taking from 1986 to 1994 using both balance-sheet data and stock returns. They find that banks with high franchise value operate more safely than those with low franchise ...
Economic Policy Review , Volume 2 , Issue Oct , Pages 1-14

Working Paper
Banking market structure, financial dependence and growth: international evidence from industry data
Gambera, Michele; Cetorelli, Nicola (1999)
This paper explores the empirical relevance of banking market structure on growth. There is substantial evidence of a positive relationship between the level of development of the banking sector of an economy and its long-run output growth. Little is known, however, about the role played by the market structure of the banking sector on the dynamics of capital accumulation. This paper provides evidence that bank concentration promotes the growth of those industrial sectors that are more in need of external finance by facilitating credit access to younger firms. However, we also find evidence ...
Working Paper Series , Paper WP-99-8

Journal Article
Issuance of interagency policy statement on sound practices for the internal audit function and audit outsourcing
anonymous (1998-02)
Federal Reserve Bulletin , Issue Feb

Report
Corporate governance and banks: what have we learned from the financial crisis?
Morrison, Alan; Shapiro, Joel; Mehran, Hamid (2011)
Recent academic work and policy analysis give insight into the governance problems exposed by the financial crisis and suggest possible solutions. We begin this paper by explaining why governance of banks differs from governance of nonfinancial firms. We then look at four areas of governance: executive compensation, boards, risk management, and market discipline. We discuss promising solutions and areas where further research is needed.
Staff Reports , Paper 502

Conference Paper
Internal governance, market discipline, and regulatory restraint: international evidence
Garcia, Gillian; Saal, Matthew (1996)
Proceedings , Paper 491

Journal Article
Bank loan-loss accounting: a review of theoretical and empirical evidence
Wall, Larry D.; Koch, Timothy W. (2000-04)
The philosophy underlying a bank's accounting for loan losses might have a material effect on the net income the firm reports to investors, which is a concern for securities regulators. A bank's loan-loss accounting philosophy might also significantly affect its ability to absorb unexpected future losses, which is a concern for bank supervisors. For example, a bank that follows a conservative loan-loss philosophy (maintains a higher loan-loss allowance) may be better able to absorb unexpected losses but also may have more freedom to manage reported earnings. This article focuses on the extent ...
Economic Review , Volume 85 , Issue Q2 , Pages 1-20

Conference Paper
Lending relationship, information gathering, and bank market structure
Fischer, Karl-Hermann (2005)
Proceedings , Paper 996

Journal Article
Too big to fail: the hazards of bank bailouts
Feldman, Ron J.; Stern, Gary H. (2003-12)
Excerpts from Too Big to Fail: The Hazards of Bank Bailouts by Stern and Feldman, forthcoming from Brookings Institution Press.
The Region , Volume 17 , Issue Dec , Pages 60-65

Working Paper
Banks vs. credit unions: dynamic competition in local markets
Schmid, Frank A.; Emmons, William R. (2002)
One interesting aspect of the financial services industry is that for-profit institutions such as commercial banks compete directly with not-for-profit financial intermediaries such as credit unions. In this article, we analyze competition among banks and between banks and credit unions using a dynamic model of spatial competition. The model allows for the co-existence of (for-profit) banks and (not-for-profit) credit unions. Using annual county-level data on banking market concentration and credit-union participation rates for the period 1989-96, we find empirical evidence of two-way ...
Supervisory Policy Analysis Working Papers , Paper 2002-10

Journal Article
Risk and return of publicly held versus privately owned banks
Kwan, Simon H. (2004-09)
The author divides bank holding companies (BHCs) into four size classes, then categorizes each class according to public or private ownership. He compares the performance and risk across bank size classes between 1986 and 2000 and in five-year windows therein. For the largest BHCs, returns on assets and operating costs do not depend on ownership, but for the smaller BHCs, returns on assets are lower and operating costs are higher for those that are publicly owned. Small public BHCs also hold more capital than do small private ones.
Economic Policy Review , Issue Sep , Pages 97-107

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