Briefing
Projecting Unemployment and Demographic Trends
Hornstein, Andreas; Kudlyak, Marianna; Mullin, John (2019-09)
Demographic forces have profoundly shaped the dynamics of U.S. labor force participation and unemployment over the past forty years. Recognizing the importance of these employment indicators for the conduct of monetary policy, this Economic Brief explores how they have been influenced by the U.S. population's changing gender, educational, and age profile. Based on the authors' estimates, the trend U.S. unemployment rate will decline to 4.3 percent over the next ten years as the population continues to age and increase its educational attainment.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Issue September

Journal Article
The Coronavirus Crisis and Debt Relief Loan forbearance and other debt relief have been part of the effort to help struggling households and businesses
Mullin, John (2020-07)
Econ Focus , Issue 2/3Q , Pages 4-7

Journal Article
Revisiting the Community Reinvestment Act
Mullin, John (2022-01)
Regulators are considering changes to how the 1977 law is implemented
Econ Focus , Issue 1Q , Pages 18-21

Journal Article
At the Richmond Fed: Wiser Policy for Seniors
Mullin, John (2023-01)
The American population is aging rapidly. The share of people who are 65 or older grew from 12 percent in 2000 to 17 percent in 2020. It's forecast to grow to 22 percent by 2040, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.In view of this trend, economists are attempting to improve their understanding of the economic decisions facing older people — decisions that are likely to become increasingly important for the U.S. economy as the population distribution skews older.
Econ Focus , Issue 1Q , Pages 23

Journal Article
Emerging equity markets in the global economy
Mullin, John (1993-07)
Developing-country equity markets have changed greatly in the last several years. The author examines recent structural reforms and their effects on equity portfolio inflows in several of the most highly capitalized emerging equity markets. He also analyzes broad trends in these markets, giving particular attention to the integration of the markets with the global financial system.
Quarterly Review , Volume 18 , Issue Sum , Pages 54-83

Journal Article
Features: Virginia's Data Centers and Economic Development
Mullin, John (2023-04)
Data centers are essential to cloud computing and its ability to give users remote access to data, applications, and computing power over the internet. Yet they typically possess few of the ethereal qualities evoked by the term "cloud." With high concentrations in Northern Virginia's Fairfax and Loudoun counties, data centers are often housed in nondescript buildings whose stark forms resemble massive rectangular cubes. The buildings' interiors are packed with rows and rows of computer servers, vast quantities of cables and switches, and the considerable electrical power and HVAC hardware ...
Econ Focus , Volume 23 , Issue 2Q , Pages 14-17

Briefing
Firm Closures, a Global Phillips Curve, and More: A Recap of the Fall Research Workshop
Mullin, John (2021-12)
How do firms decide how to locate their stores? Do payday loan regulations help or harm consumer welfare? How many firms go out of business due to financial market inefficiencies? These were among the questions addressed by researchers during a recent research workshop.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 21 , Issue 42

Journal Article
Workers' Shrinking Share of the Pie
Mullin, John (2019-04)
Features: {{p}} Economists have advanced a wide variety of explanations for why workers' share of overall income has been going down
Econ Focus , Issue 2Q-3Q , Pages 14-17

Briefing
Recent Research in Monetary Policy and Central Banking: A Conference Recap
Mullin, John (2022-06)
How did the Fed's pandemic-initiated corporate bond facility affect credit markets? What are the supply-side effects of monetary policy? Under what conditions do central bank reserves affect credit spreads? These were among the questions addressed by economists during a recent Richmond Fed research conference.
Richmond Fed Economic Brief , Volume 22 , Issue 19

Journal Article
Supply Chain Disruptions, Inflation, and the Fed
Mullin, John (2022-07)
Used cars became a hot commodity during the pandemic, with their prices increasing by roughly 50 percent between January 2020 and December 2021. The spike in used car prices was a prominent example of how global supply chain disruptions have contributed to U.S. inflation. It also highlighted the complexity of global supply and demand relationships.
Econ Focus , Volume 22 , Issue 3Q , Pages 14-17