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Report
The 2013 Federal Reserve Payments Study Recent and Long-Term Trends in the United States: 2000–2012 Summary Report and Initial Data Release
This report contains new estimates of total unauthorized transactions (third-party fraud) involving checks, ACH, and cards as well as some information on the use of alternative payment initiation methods provided by depository institutions including commercial banks, savings institutions, and credit unions. Other results—such as the number and value of consumer and business accounts, number of cards issued, and the number and value of cash withdrawals and cash deposits made through various channels—are included in a detailed report released concurrently with this revised summary report.
Report
The 2013 Federal Reserve Payments Study Recent and Long-Term Trends in the United States: 2000–2012 Detailed Report and Updated Data Release
This detailed report is a complement to the “Summary Report and Initial Data Release” (Summary Report), which was released in December 2013 and has been updated for consistency with revisions made during preparation of this report.1 This report includes new information related to noncash payments based on additional estimates and analysis. For instance, this detailed report provides new insights into the use of cards by consumers and businesses, alternative payment initiation methods, consumer and business domestic and cross-border wire transfers, and an expanded view of cash deposits and ...
Working Paper
Bitcoin: Technical Background and Data Analysis
This paper provides the necessary technical background to understand basic Bitcoin operations and documents a set of empirical regularities related to Bitcoin usage. We present the micro-structure of the Bitcoin transaction process and highlight the use of cryptography for the purposes of transaction security and distributed maintenance of a ledger. Using publicly available transaction-level data, we examine patterns of general usage together with usage by Satoshi Dice, the largest online gambling service using Bitcoin as the method of payment. Our analysis suggests that less than 50 percent ...