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Differences in Immigration Patterns between the U.S. and Other OECD Nations
Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu; Le, Hoang (2024-05-07)
Geography, historical linkages and economic partnerships have shaped variations in immigration flows across the U.S. and other developed nations.
On the Economy

COVID-19 and Unauthorized Immigration at the Southwest Border
Grittayaphong, Praew; Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu (2021-01-14)
A drop in U.S. enforcement encounters in the spring suggested the pandemic temporarily slowed unauthorized entry attempts, but such encounters have risen in recent months.
On the Economy

Journal Article
Recent Spike in Immigration and Easing Labor Markets
Duzhak, Evgeniya A. (2024-07-15)
The Congressional Budget Office recently raised its demographic projections for net U.S. immigration. Most of the increase in the projections came from undocumented immigrants. Updating the CBO estimates with recent data points shows a continuing strong inflow of undocumented migrants. Analysis linking the revised estimates for this group to labor market statistics shows that immigrants joining the workforce are likely to have modestly eased labor market tightness.
FRBSF Economic Letter , Volume 2024 , Issue 19 , Pages 6

Journal Article
Rising Immigration Has Helped Cool an Overheated Labor Market
Cohen, Elior (2024-05-22)
The United States has experienced a substantial influx of immigrants over the past two years. In 2023, net international migration surpassed its pre-pandemic peak. This flow of immigrant workers has acted as a powerful catalyst in cooling overheated labor markets and tempering wage growth across industries and states.
Economic Bulletin

Journal Article
New from the Richmond Fed’s Regional Matters blog
Mullen, Katrina (2024-08-13)
Econ Focus , Volume 24 , Issue 3Q , Pages 2

Monograph
Gone to Texas: immigration and the transformantion of the Texas economy
Zavodny, Madeline; Orrenius, Pia M.; LoPalo, Melissa (2013)
The United States welcomes more immigrants than any other country, and Texas welcomes more migrants?foreign and domestic?than any other state. Nearly half of all new arrivals to the state are foreign born. With a population of over 4 million immigrants, Texas is one of the top three states in terms of the number of foreign born living within its borders. Immigration to Texas has been both a cause and consequence of rapid regional growth. The strong economy and the Texas business model?low taxes, few regulations and a low cost of labor?have attracted many businesses and workers in recent ...
Monograph

Working Paper
The Postpandemic U.S. Immigration Surge: New Facts and Inflationary Implications
Cheremukhin, Anton A.; Hur, Sewon; Mau, Ron; Mertens, Karel; Richter, Alexander W.; Zhou, Xiaoqing (2024-10-01)
The U.S. experienced an extraordinary postpandemic surge in unauthorized immigration. This paper combines administrative data on border encounters and immigration court records with household survey data to document two new facts about these immigrants: They tend to be hand-to-mouth consumers and low-skilled workers that complement the existing workforce. We build these features into a model with capital, household heterogeneity and population growth to study the inflationary effects of this episode. Contrary to the popular view, we find little effect on inflation, as the increase in supply ...
Working Papers , Paper 2407

Unprecedented U.S. immigration surge boosts job growth, output
Orrenius, Pia M.; Pranger, Ana; Zavodny, Madeline; Cañas, Jesus (2024-07-02)
U.S. labor market conditions are among the main drivers of an unprecedented surge of immigration, the exact size and consequences of which are still being assessed.
Dallas Fed Economics

Working Paper
The Effect of COVID Immigration Restrictions on Post-Pandemic Labor Market Tightness
Rubinton, Hannah; Ricketts, Lowell R.; Marks, Cassandra; Isaacson, Maggie (2024-11-20)
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were unprecedented shortfalls in immigration. Concurrently, as the economy recovered, the labor market became tight, with the number of vacancies per unemployed worker reaching two, more than twice its pre-pandemic average. In this article, we investigate whether these two trends are connected. We find no evidence to support the hypothesis that the immigration shortfalls caused the tight labor market, for two main reasons. First, while the immigration deficit peaked at about two million workers, this number had largely recovered by February 2022, just as ...
Working Papers , Paper 2024-003

The Allocation of Immigrant Talent across Countries: Employment Gaps
Birinci, Serdar; Leibovici, Fernando; See, Kurt (2022-08-11)
A cross-country analysis found immigrants were more likely than natives to work in fields like food service and less likely to be in fields like engineering.
On the Economy

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