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Journal Article
New from the Richmond Fed’s Regional Matters blog
Mullen, Katrina (2024-08-13)
Econ Focus , Volume 24 , Issue 3Q , Pages 2

Working Paper
Flexible prices, labor market frictions, and the response of employment to technology shocks
Zanetti, Francesco; Mandelman, Federico S. (2013-12-01)
Recent empirical evidence establishes that a positive technology shock leads to a decline in labor inputs. Can a flexible price model enriched with labor market frictions replicate this stylized fact? We develop and estimate a standard flexible price model using Bayesian methods that allows, but does not require, labor market frictions to generate a negative response of employment to a technology shock. We find that labor market frictions account for the fall in labor inputs.
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2013-16

Discussion Paper
“Forced Automation” by COVID-19? Early Trends from Current Population Survey Data
Molina, Julieth Saenz; Ding, Lei (2020-09-14)
This empirical study evaluates whether COVID-19 and the threat of future pandemics has expedited the process of automation in the U.S. The results suggest that the pandemic displaced more workers in automatable occupations, putting them at a greater risk of being permanently automated. The automatable jobs that are more vulnerable to the pandemic include jobs that do not permit remote work, have a high risk of COVID-19 transmission, or are in the most affected sectors. While most of the job losses during the pandemic are expected to be temporary, a replication of the analysis for the Great ...
Community Affairs Discussion Paper

Discussion Paper
Fifth District Businesses Weigh in on Hiring and Wages
Mengedoth, Joseph (2022-12-01)
The Richmond Fed surveys a sample of businesses across our district on a monthly basis in order to gauge regional economic activity. These regional surveys provide timely information to our economists, Bank president, and the public about economic conditions in our district. In addition to standard questions about changes in new orders, hiring, and inventories, we often ask additional questions.
Regional Matters

Speech
The Importance of an Equitable Workforce Recovery: A New Kind of Back to Work: Talent, Recovery, and the Future of Greater Philadelphia
Harker, Patrick T. (2020-10-02)
Speaking at a virtual conference, Patrick T. Harker, president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, said that ensuring an equitable economic recovery is not only the right thing to do, but also an economic imperative. Harker addressed an event called A New Kind of Back to Work: Talent, Recovery, and the Future of Greater Philadelphia.
Speech

Working Paper
Unemployment Paths in a Pandemic Economy
Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas; Valletta, Robert G. (2020-05-05)
The COVID-19 pandemic has upended the U.S. economy and labor market. We assess the initial spike in unemployment due to the virus response and possible paths for the official unemployment rate through 2021. Substantial uncertainty surrounds the path for measured unemployment, depending on the path of the virus and containment measures and their impact on reported job search activity. We assess potential unemployment paths based on historical patterns of monthly flows in and out of unemployment, adjusted for unique features of the virus economy. The possible paths vary widely, but absent ...
Working Paper Series , Paper 2020-18

Working Paper
Gains from Offshoring? Evidence from U.S. Microdata
Monarch, Ryan; Park, Jooyoun; Sivadasan, Jagadeesh (2014-11-11)
We construct a new linked data set with over one thousand offshoring events by matching Trade Adjustment Assistance program petition data to confidential data on U.S. firm operations. We exploit these data to assess how offshoring affects domestic firm-level aggregate employment, output, wages and productivity. Consistent with heterogenous firm models where offshoring involves a fixed cost, we find that the average offshoring firm is larger and more productive than the average non-offshorer. After initiating offshoring, firms experience large declines in employment (46.2 per cent), output ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1124

Journal Article
Building Opportunities and Skills for a Growing Digital Workforce
Diavua, Sydney (2016-01)
Information Technology (IT) is a sector with a high demand for skilled workers to fill jobs in U.S., regional, and local economies, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Although most of the employment opportunities in this sector have been advanced-skills jobs in start-ups, software and application development, and wearable technologies, there are many IT opportunities that do not fall into these categories. The need for skilled IT employees has increased across many industries. Recent initiatives and reports recognize these opportunities as a means to move entry-level workers into ...
Cascade , Volume 1

Working Paper
Bank Capital Pressures, Loan Substitutability, and Nonfinancial Employment
Lee, Seung Jung; Stebunovs, Viktors (2016-04)
We exploit the cross-state, cross-time variation in bank tangible capital ratios-brought about by bank branch deregulation on a state-by-state basis-to identify the effects of bank capital pressures on employment and firm dynamics during two waves of changes in bank capital regulation. We show that stronger capital pressures temporarily slowed down growth in employment in industries that depend on external finance, retarding growth in the average size of firms rather than in the number of firms. Such effects were particularly strong for smaller firms that may not have had access to national ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1161

Journal Article
Small Businesses Report Better Financing Outcomes
Borek, Nathaniel (2016-04)
Small businesses provide substantial employment and services and are an important part of the U.S. economy. One measure of small business conditions is the findings of the 2015 Small Business Credit Survey1 (SBCS). The survey, which is a collaborative effort of the community development departments of the Federal Reserve Banks of New York, Atlanta, Boston, Cleveland, Philadelphia, Richmond, and St. Louis, includes responses from small businesses operating in 26 states.2 This article summarizes highlights of the 2015 SBCS.
Cascade , Volume 2

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