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Journal Article
Wildcat banking, banking panics, and free banking in the United States
Dwyer, Gerald P. (1996-12)
Banks in the United States issued currency with no oversight of any kind by the federal goverment from 1837 to 1865. Many of these banks were part of "free banking" systems with no discretionary approval of entry into banking, and these banks issued notes that were used for payments in transactions just as Federal Reserve notes are today. There was no central bank or goverment insurance, and the ultimate guarantee of the value of a bank's notes was the value of the bank's assets. As the author indicates, these banknotes have similarities to some forms of electronic money. ; Free banking in ...
Economic Review , Volume 81 , Issue Dec , Pages 1-20

Journal Article
The Rise and Decline of Petersburg, Va.
Burnett, Anne; Pinto, Santiago; Owens, Raymond E. (2017-10)
Early Virginians looked at Petersburg, with its location on the Appomattox River, as a town of economic vibrancy and promise. Incorporated in 1748 by the Virginia General Assembly, the town fulfilled that early promise and grew to become the commonwealth's third independent city in 1850. But turmoil as well as prosperity for Petersburg were ahead. {{p}} Throughout its 270 years, three factors have dominated Petersburg's economic history: tobacco, trade, and transportation. The city's early economic prominence was due to its tobacco plantations and warehouses as well as various mills powered ...
Econ Focus , Issue 4Q , Pages 28-32

Journal Article
The early 1960s: a guide to the late 1970s
Bowsher, Norman N. (1977-10)
Review , Volume 59 , Issue Oct , Pages 12-18

Journal Article
Economic History: The Rise and Fall of Company Towns
Singh, Aayush (2023-07)
The rise and fall of Gary — and that of company towns across the country — mirrors the arc of the nation's economy. From the textile mills of the early 1800s to the coal mines of the 20th century to the manufacturing hubs that defined America's industrial prowess, the story of the United States can be told through the company town. It is a tale of abundance and abandonment, boom and bust, plenty and poverty.
Econ Focus , Volume 23 , Issue 3Q , Pages 10-13

Working Paper
Health Insurance and Hospital Supply: Evidence from 1950s Coal Country
http://fedora:8080/fcrepo/rest/objects/authors/; http://fedora:8080/fcrepo/rest/objects/authors/ (2020-04-17)
The United States government spends billions on public health insurance and has funded a number of programs to build health care facilities. However, the government runs these two types of programs separately: in different places, at different times, and for different populations. We explore whether access to both health insurance and hospitals can improve health outcomes and access to health care. We analyze a coal mining union health insurance program in 1950s Appalachia with and without a complementary hospital construction program. Our results show that the union insurance alone increased ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2020-033

Working Paper
The Slaughter of the Bison and Reversal of Fortunes on the Great Plains
Gillezeau, Rob; Feir, Donna; Jones, Maggie E. C. (2019-01-14)
In the late 19th century, the North American bison was brought to the brink of extinction in just over a decade. We show that the bison?s slaughter led to a reversal of fortunes for the Native Americans who relied on them. Once the tallest people in the world, the generations of bison-reliant people born after the slaughter were among the shortest. Today, formerly bison-reliant societies have between 20-40% less income per capita than the average Native American nation. We argue that federal Indian policy that limited out-migration from reservations and restricted employment opportunities to ...
Center for Indian Country Development series , Paper 1-2019

Journal Article
Origins of the Great Inflation
Meltzer, Allan H. (2005-03)
The Great Inflation from 1965 to 1984 is the climactic monetary event of the last part of the 20th century. This paper analyzes why it started and why it continued for many years. Like others, it attributes the start of inflation to analytic errors, particularly the widespread acceptance of the simple Keynesian model with its implication that monetary and fiscal policy should be coordinated. In practice, that meant that the Federal Reserve financed a large part of the fiscal deficit. This paper gives a large role to political decisionmaking. Continuation of inflation depended on political ...
Review , Volume 87 , Issue Mar , Pages 145-176

Journal Article
Milton Friedman and U.S. monetary history: 1961-2006
Nelson, Edward (2007-05)
This paper, using extensive archival material from several countries, brings together scattered information about Milton Friedman's views and predictions regarding U.S. monetary policy developments after 1960 (i.e., the period beyond that covered by his and Anna Schwartz's Monetary History of the United States). The author evaluates these interpretations and predictions in light of subsequent events.
Review , Volume 89 , Issue May , Pages 153-182

Conference Paper
Which marbles?: comments on \\"Losing our marbles in the new century? The great rebalancing in historical perspective\\" by C. M. Meissner and A. N. Taylor
Helliwell, John F. (2006)
Meissner and Taylor do a splendid job of making the history of the last great globalization relevant to the current great rebalancing. In their admirably understated way, they have argued that there is no credible evidence supporting the status quo, and have shown that the savings and investment patterns that mark today?s US current account deficit pose more problems for adjustment than were faced when the offshoot countries reversed their current account deficits so painlessly a century ago. I agree with them on both counts, and have learned much from their evidence and explanations.
Conference Series ; [Proceedings] , Volume 51

Journal Article
The early history of the box diagram
Humphrey, Thomas M. (1996-01)
Economic Quarterly , Issue Win , Pages 37-75

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