Search Results
Working Paper
Mispricing Narratives after Social Unrest
Ba, Bocar A.; Ndiaye, Abdoulaye; Rivera, Roman G.; Whitefield, Alexander
(2024-08-05)
We study how negative sentiment around an industry impacts beliefs and behaviors, focusing on demands for racial justice after the murder of George Floyd and the salience of the “defund the police” movement. We assess stakeholder beliefs on the impact of protests on the stock prices of police-affiliated firms. In our survey experiment, laypeople and finance professionals predicted more negative stock price outcomes when they lacked details on the products supplied by such firms. Exposure to narratives about the context of the protests further reduced the prediction accuracy of these ...
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers
, Paper 096
Working Paper
How Markets Process Macro News: The Importance of Investor Attention
Kroner, Niklas
(2025-03-26)
I provide evidence that investors' attention allocation plays a critical role in how financial markets incorporate macroeconomic news. Using intraday data, I document a sharp increase in the market reaction to Consumer Price Index (CPI) releases during the 2021-2023 inflation surge. Bond yields, market-implied inflation expectations, and other asset prices exhibit significantly stronger responses to CPI surprises, while reactions to other macroeconomic announcements remain largely unchanged. The joint reactions of these asset prices point to an attention-based explanation–an interpretation ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2025-022
Newsletter
How FAIR Plans Confronted Redlining in America
Nwokolo, Ramzee
(2023-09)
Access to financial services, including insurance, is vital for the growth and development of communities. Without banks issuing residential mortgages and business loans, it is extremely difficult for people to purchase homes and grow their businesses. Without property insurance, banks will be reluctant to provide such loans. Thus, the inability to access property insurance makes communities more vulnerable to cycles of disinvestment and decline. In this Chicago Fed Letter, I examine the Fair Access to Insurance Requirements (FAIR) plans, how they addressed the issues of insurance ...
Chicago Fed Letter
, Volume No 484
, Pages 8
Working Paper
Model Uncertainty and the Pricing of Hurricane Risk in Florida
Heitfield, Erik
(2026-03-23)
This paper examines how model uncertainty affects the price of homeowners insurance in Florida. We use unique data on expected loss rate projections from seven hurricane risk models approved by regulators for use in Florida property insurance rate filings to quantify model uncertainty. By combining these data with newly published information on local property insurance markets, we are able to empirically test the relationship between model uncertainty and insurance premiums across Florida ZIP codes and over time. Controlling for confounding variables and time-invariant latent factors that may ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2026-016
Working Paper
Improving the 30-Year Fixed-Rate Mortgage
von Hafften, Alexander H.; Passmore, Wayne
(2017-08-25)
The 30-year fixed-rate fully amortizing mortgage (or "traditional fixed-rate mortgage") was a substantial innovation when first developed during the Great Depression. However, it has three major flaws. First, because homeowner equity accumulates slowly during the first decade, homeowners are essentially renting their homes from lenders. With so little equity accumulation, many lenders require large down payments. Second, in each monthly mortgage payment, homeowners substantially compensate capital markets investors for the ability to prepay. The homeowner might have better uses for this ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
, Paper 2017-090
Report
Understanding Consumer Demand for “Buy Now, Pay Later”
Mangrum, Daniel; Aidala, Felix; Koşar, Gizem; Van der Klaauw, Wilbert
(2025-10-01)
We estimate consumer preferences for “Buy Now, Pay Later” (BNPL) using a large-scale probabilistic stated choice survey experiment. Average willingness to pay (WTP) for the standard BNPL bundle is negative, but younger, lower-income, and less credit-worthy consumers exhibit higher demand. The share with positive estimated WTP closely matches actual BNPL take-up. Consumers strongly dislike interest charges and hard credit checks. Counterfactual simulations show that incorporating these features into the standard bundle lowers demand and worsens adverse selection toward riskier borrowers. ...
Staff Reports
, Paper 1167
Working Paper
How Do Large, Sophisticated Cryptocurrency Trades Impact Broader DeFi Market Dynamics?
Hazen, Keith
(2026-09-04)
Using transaction-level data for Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), and Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) matched to public “Whale Alert” signals, we examine how large-scale cryptocurrency trades shape market microstructure. Specifically, we test whether whale transactions alter the composition of active non-whale participants, trigger leader-follower herd behavior, and elevate short-term return volatility. We document a stark divergence between networks: Whale alerts heavily reshape (native) BTC participation by mobilizing previously inactive retail and institutional investors, whereas ETH and WBTC ...
Working Papers
, Paper 26-42
Working Paper
The Effect of Student Loan Payment Burdens on Borrower Outcomes
Monarrez, Tomás; Turner, Lesley J.
(2024-03-21)
Rising student loan debt and concerns over unaffordable payments provide a rationale for the broad class of “income-driven repayment” (IDR) plans for federal student loans. These plans aim to protect borrowers from delinquency, default, and resulting financial consequences by linking payments to income and providing forgiveness after a set repayment period. We estimate the causal effect of IDR payment burdens on loan repayment and schooling outcomes for several cohorts of first-time IDR applicants using a regression discontinuity design. Federal student loan borrowers who are not required ...
Working Papers
, Paper 24-08
Working Paper
Beneath the Crypto Currents: The Hidden Effect of Crypto “Whales”
Chernoff, Alan; Jagtiani, Julapa
(2024-08-12)
Cryptocurrency markets are often characterized by market manipulation or, at the very least, by a sharp distinction between large and sophisticated investors and small retail investors. While traditional assets often see a divergence in the success of institutional traders and retail traders, we find an even more pronounced difference regarding the holders of Ethereum (ETH), the second-largest cryptocurrency by volume. We see a significant difference in how large holders of ETH behave compared with smaller holders of ETH relative to price movements and the volatility of the cryptocurrency. We ...
Working Papers
, Paper 24-14
Working Paper
Effects of Information Overload on Financial Markets: How Much Is Too Much?
Bernales, Alejandro; Valenzuela, Marcela; Zer, Ilknur
(2023-03-09)
Motivated by cognitive theories verifying that investors have limited capacity to process information, we study the effects of information overload on stock market dynamics. We construct an information overload index using textual analysis tools on daily data from The New York Times since 1885. We structure our empirical analysis around a discrete-time learning model, which links information overload with asset prices and trading volume when investors are attention constrained. We find that our index is associated with lower trading volume and predicts higher market returns for up to 18 ...
International Finance Discussion Papers
, Paper 1372
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