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Working Paper
Assessing the macroeconomic impact of bank intermediation shocks: a structural approach
Chen, Kaiji; Zha, Tao (2015-08-01)
We take a structural approach to assessing the empirical importance of shocks to the supply of bank-intermediated credit in affecting macroeconomic fluctuations. First, we develop a theoretical model to show how credit supply shocks can be transmitted into disruptions in the production economy. Second, we use the unique micro-banking data to identify and support the model's key mechanism. Third, we find that the output effect of credit supply shocks is not only economically and statistically significant but also consistent with the vector autogression evidence. Our mode estimation indicates ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2015-8

Working Paper
A Gibbs simulator for restricted VAR models
Zha, Tao; Waggoner, Daniel F. (2000)
Many economic applications call for simultaneous equations VAR modeling. We show that the existing importance sampler can be prohibitively inefficient for this type of models. We develop a Gibbs simulator that works for both simultaneous and recursive VAR models with a much broader range of linear restrictions than those in the existing literature. We show that the required computation is of an SUR type, and thus our method can be implemented cheaply even for large systems of multiple equations.
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2000-3

Working Paper
Transparency, expectations, and forecasts
Eisenbeis, Robert A.; Zha, Tao; Waggoner, Daniel F.; Bauer, Andrew (2006)
In 1994, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) began to release statements after each meeting. This paper investigates whether the public?s views about the current path of the economy and of future policy have been affected by changes in the Federal Reserve?s communications policy as reflected in private sector?s forecasts of future economic conditions and policy moves. In particular, has the ability of private agents to predict where the economy is going improved since 1994? If so, on which dimensions has the ability to forecast improved? We find evidence that the individuals? forecasts ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 2006-03

Working Paper
Identifying monetary policy in a small open economy under flexible exchange rates
Zha, Tao; Cushman, David O. (1995)
Previous empirical study on the effects of monetary policy shocks in small open economies has produced exchange rate responses that are inconsistent with existing open economy macroeconomic theory. We argue that a careful identification of monetary policy in an explicit open economy setting is required. Using Canada as a case study, we specify and estimate a vector-autoregressive model that focuses on the identification of contemporaneous monetary policy, and we obtain tightly estimated results overall. The resulting dynamic responses to the identified monetary policy shock as well as to a ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 95-7

Conference Paper
Empirical analysis of policy interventions
Zha, Tao; Leeper, Eric M. (2002-03)
We construct linear projections of macro variables conditional on hypothetical paths of monetary policy, using as an example an identified VAR model. Hypothetical policies are restricted to ones where both the policy intervention and its impacts are consistent with history?otherwise the linear projections are likely to be unreliable. We use the approach to interpret Federal Reserve decisions, modeling their frequent reassessment in light of new information about the tradeoffs policymakers face. The interventions we consider matter: they can shift projected paths and probability distributions ...
Proceedings , Issue Mar

Working Paper
Error bands for impulse responses
Sims, Christopher A.; Zha, Tao (1995)
We examine the theory and behavior in practice of Bayesian and bootstrap methods for generating error bands on impulse responses in dynamic linear models. The Bayesian intervals have a firmer theoretical foundation in small samples, are easier to compute, and are about as good in small samples by classical criteria as are the best bootstrap intervals. Bootstrap intervals based directly on the simulated small-sample distribution of an estimator, without bias correction, perform very badly. We show that a method that has been used to extend to the overidentified case standard algorithms for ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper , Paper 95-6

Journal Article
Monetary policy and racial unemployment rates
Zha, Tao; Zavodny, Madeline (2000-10)
When the Federal Open Market Committee began raising interest rates in June 1999 to forestall inflationary pressures, concern mounted that monetary policy moves might slow the pace of economic growth, undoing the employment gains minorities and other disadvantaged groups made during the 1990s. Implicit in such concern is the idea that these groups will be disproportionately affected by an economic slowdown. ; To explore this issue, this article analyzes the effect of exogenous movements in monetary policy and other macroeconomic variables on the overall and black unemployment rates. These ...
Economic Review , Volume 85 , Issue Q4 , Pages 1-16

Working Paper
Asymmetric expectation effects of regime shifts in monetary policy
Zha, Tao; Waggoner, Daniel F.; Liu, Zheng (2008)
This paper addresses two substantive issues: (1) Does the magnitude of the expectation effect of regime switching in monetary policy depend on a particular policy regime? (2) Under which regime is the expectation effect quantitatively important? Using two canonical DSGE models, we show that there exists asymmetry in the expectation effect across regimes. The expectation effect under the dovish policy regime is quantitatively more important than that under the hawkish regime. These results suggest that the possibility of regime shifts in monetary policy can have important effects on rational ...
Working Paper Series , Paper 2008-22

Report
Behavior and the Transmission of COVID-19
Kopecky, Karen A.; Zha, Tao; Atkeson, Andrew (2021-02-04)
We show that a simple model of COVID-19 that incorporates feedback from disease prevalence to disease transmission through an endogenous response of human behavior does a remarkable job fitting the main features of the data on the growth rates of daily deaths observed across a large number countries and states of the United States from March to November of 2020. This finding, however, suggests a new empirical puzzle. Using an accounting procedure akin to that used for Business Cycle Accounting as in Chari et al. (2007), we show that when the parameters of the behavioral response of ...
Staff Report , Paper 618

Journal Article
Assessing simple policy rules: a view from a complete macroeconomic model
Leeper, Eric M.; Zha, Tao (2001-07)
Review , Volume 83 , Issue Jul

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