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Working Paper
Does immigration affect wages? A look at occupation-level evidence
Zavodny, Madeline; Orrenius, Pia M. (2003)
Previous research has reached mixed conclusions about whether higher levels of immigration reduce the wages of natives. This paper reexamines this question using data from the Current Population Survey and the Immigration and Naturalization Service and focuses on differential effects by skill level. Using occupation as a proxy for skill, we find that an increase in the fraction of workers in an occupation group who are foreign born tends to lower the wages of low-skilled natives?particularly after controlling for endogeneity?but does not have a negative effect among skilled natives.>
Working Papers , Paper 0302

Working Paper
Trends in poverty and inequality among Hispanics
Zavodny, Madeline; Orrenius, Pia M. (2011)
Since the 1970s, the poverty rate has remained largely unchanged among Hispanics but has declined among non-Hispanic whites and blacks, particularly before the onset of the recent recession. The influx of large numbers of immigrants partially explains why poverty rates have not fallen over time among Hispanics> ; In 2009, Hispanics were more than twice as likely to be poor than non-Hispanic whites. Lower average English ability, low levels of educational attainment, part-time employment, the youthfulness of Hispanic household heads, and the 2007?09 recession are important factors that have ...
Working Papers , Paper 1109

Working Paper
Labor Market Effects of Worker- and Employer-Targeted Immigration Enforcement
Orrenius, Pia M.; Zavodny, Madeline; Smith, Chloe N. (2024-11-19)
Hiring someone who is not authorized to work in the United States is illegal, and employers who knowingly hire unauthorized immigrant workers may face civil and criminal penalties. The federal government uses a variety of actions, including worksite raids and paperwork audits, to enforce the prohibition on hiring unauthorized workers. Compliance costs and the possibility of becoming the target of an immigration enforcement action may affect U.S. businesses’ decisions about whom to hire as well as how many workers to employ and how much to pay them, but little previous research has studied ...
Working Papers , Paper 2413

Report
Energy Bust Bad News for Job and Wage Growth
Orrenius, Pia M. (2015)
Texas labor markets logged remarkable gains during the 2005?14 shale oil and gas boom but are beginning to buckle under an intensifying oil bust.
Annual Report

Working Paper
Who Signs up for E-Verify? Insights from DHS Enrollment Records
Orrenius, Pia M.; Zavodny, Madeline; Greer, Sarah (2020-01-15)
E-Verify is a federal electronic verification system that allows employers to check whether their newly hired workers are authorized to work in the United States. To use E-Verify, firms first must enroll with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Participation is voluntary for most private-sector employers in the United States, but eight states currently require all or most employers to use E-Verify. This article uses confidential data from DHS to examine patterns of employer enrollment in E-Verify. The results indicate that employers are much more likely to sign up in mandatory E-Verify ...
Working Papers , Paper 2002

Journal Article
Spotlight: firms expect health act to raise labor costs
Orrenius, Pia M.; Jordan, Amy (2013-07)
Southwest Economy , Issue Q3 , Pages 15

Working Paper
The impact of temporary protected status on immigrants’ labor market outcomes
Zavodny, Madeline; Orrenius, Pia M. (2014-12-01)
The United States currently provides Temporary Protected Status (TPS) to more than 300,000 immigrants from selected countries. TPS is typically granted if dangerous conditions prevail in the home country due to armed conflict or a natural disaster. Individuals with TPS cannot be deported and are allowed to stay and work in the United States temporarily. Despite the increased use of TPS in recent years, little is known about how TPS affects labor market outcomes for beneficiaries, most of whom are unauthorized prior to receiving TPS. This study examines how migrants from El Salvador who are ...
Working Papers , Paper 1415

Journal Article
On the Record: A Conversation with Katharine Hayhoe - Texas Offers Perfect Setting to Study Impacts, Costs of Climate Change
Orrenius, Pia M. (2019)
On the Record: A Conversation with Katharine Hayhoe - Texas Offers Perfect Setting to Study Impacts, Costs of Climate Change. Katharine Hayhoe is an atmospheric scientist and professor at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, where she directs the Climate Science Center. She was a lead author of the Fourth National Climate Assessment, released in November 2018, which documents the extent of climate change. She also hosts Global Weirding, a video series produced by Lubbock's PBS affiliate, KTTZ.
Southwest Economy , Issue Third Quarter , Pages 14-16

Journal Article
North Texas income dip may reflect decline in education
Orrenius, Pia M.; Berman, Anna L. (2006-09)
Southwest Economy , Issue Sep , Pages 10

Federal Aid Helps Border Keep Pace with Texas Economy During Pandemic Turmoil
Cañas, Jesus; Orrenius, Pia M.; Coia, Juliette (2022-03-01)
U.S. pandemic relief policies boosted the border economy, helping it keep pace with state growth. The restoration of trade with Mexico and a surprise migration surge also supported more-recent border economic activity.
Dallas Fed Economics

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