Search Results
Working Paper
The Collateral Channel and Bank Credit
We examine the firm-level and aggregate effects of the collateral channel using administrative bank-firm-loan level data. We introduce novel instrumental variables related to the efficiency of federal district bankruptcy courts and show their importance as predictors of collateral use and banks' expected losses given default across collateral types. Our estimates reveal that following increases in real estate values, firms that pledge real estate experience an expansion in bank credit, reductions in credit spreads, and an extension in the maturity of loans that allows for increases in firm ...
Briefing
The Collateral Channel and Bank Credit
We identify the firm-level and aggregate effects of collateral price shocks on business lending and investment — also known as the collateral channel — using detailed bank-firm-loan level data that allow us to observe the pledging of real estate collateral and to control for credit demand and supply conditions. At the firm level, a 1-percentage-point increase in collateral values leads to an increase of 12 basis points in credit growth, whereas the average elasticity of credit to collateral values in the cross-section of metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) is seven times larger. Our ...
Working Paper
Limited Deposit Insurance Coverage and Bank Competition
Deposit insurance designs in many countries place a limit on the coverage of deposits in each bank. However, no limits are placed on the number of accounts held with different banks. Therefore, under limited deposit insurance, some consumers open accounts with different banks to achieve higher or full deposit insurance coverage. We compare three regimes of deposit insurance: No deposit insurance, unlimited deposit insurance, and limited deposit insurance. We show that limited deposit insurance weakens competition among banks and reduces total welfare relative to no or unlimited deposit ...
Working Paper
In Search of a Risk-free Asset
To attract retail time deposits, over 7,000 FDIC insured U.S. commercial banks publicly post their yield offers. I document an economically sizable and highly pro-cyclical cross-sectional dispersion in these yield offers during the period 1997 - 2011. Banks adjusted their yields rigidly and asymmetrically with median duration of 7 weeks in response to increasing or constant Fed Funds rate target regimes and 3 weeks during regimes of decreasing Fed Fund rate target. I investigate to what extent information (search) costs on the part of the investors in this market can explain the observed ...
Working Paper
Central Bank Access and Flight to Safety
We examine whether access to the Federal Reserve's Overnight Reverse Repo Facility (ON RRP) affects money market fund flows during flight-to-safety episodes. We find that funds with ON RRP access serving sophisticated investors experience about a 1 percentage point increase in net daily flows over total assets during the March 2020 flight-to-safety episode relative to similar funds without access. The effect aligns with theoretical predictions and explains more than half of the inflows in those funds. Our results show that access to central bank deposit facilities amplifies flight-to-safety ...
Discussion Paper
The Liquidity Coverage Ratio and Corporate Liquidity Management
This note examines the changes in the liquidity management at banks and nonbank financial firms in the United States that occurred following the proposal of the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) requirement in 2010 and its finalization in 2014.
Working Paper
The Secondary Market for Syndicated Loans
We document an active secondary market for shares in syndicated term loans using confidential supervisory data. While most of the literature examines trades near origination, this paper is the first to study the secondary market throughout the life cycle of a syndicated term loan. We establish novel empirical facts about the post-origination trading of loan shares and identify key participants and their trading patterns. We characterize the determinants of an active secondary market, the turnover of lender shares, and the resulting credit exposure allocations. Increased non-bank participation ...
Working Paper
Rewiring repo
We develop a model of the repo market with strategic interactions among dealers who compete for funding in a decentralized over-the-counter market and have access to a centrally cleared interdealer market. We show that such “wiring” of the repo market combined with imperfect competition in dealer funding results in market inefficiencies and instability. The model allows us to disentangle supply and demand factors, and we use these factors to estimate supply and demand elasticities. Our estimates suggest that the instability of the market in September 2019 was driven by a large supply ...
Working Paper
Limited Deposit Insurance Coverage and Bank Competition
Deposit insurance schemes in many countries place a limit on the coverage of deposits in each bank. However, no limits are placed on the number of accounts held with different banks. Therefore, under limited deposit insurance, some consumers open accounts with different banks to achieve higher or full deposit insurance coverage. We compare three regimes of deposit insurance: No deposit insurance, unlimited deposit insurance, and limited deposit insurance. We show that limited deposit insurance weakens competition among banks and reduces total welfare relative to no or unlimited deposit ...