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Working Paper
Internal funds and the investment function
An extensive and increasingly persuasive body of empirical evidence has linked a firm's fixed investment expenditure to its supply of internally generated funds. The central concerns of this paper are (1) the theoretical justifiability of such empirically-based investment functions, particularly those where internal funds affect only the speed of adjustment, and (2) the dynamic properties of this latter class of investment functions. A class of models is explored featuring intertemporal profit maximization under conditions of increasing costs of external finance (attributable to bankruptcy or ...
Working Paper
On the inverse of the covariance matrix in portfolio analysis
The goal of this study is the derivation and application of a direct characterization of the inverse of the covariance matrix central to portfolio analysis. As argued below, such a specification of the inverse, in terms of a few primitive constructs, helps clarify the determinants of such key concepts as (1) the optimal holding of a given risky asset, (2) the slope of the risk-return efficiency locus faced by the individual investor, and (3) the pricing of risky assets in the Capital Asset Pricing Model. The two building blocks of the inverse turn out to be the non-diversifiable part of each ...
Journal Article
U.S. international transactions in 1989
Working Paper
On risk, rational expectations, and efficient asset markets
The notion of asset market efficiency -- that market prices "fully reflect" all available information -- requires the operation of mechanisms that rapidly incorporate new information into asset prices. Particularly problematic -- both theoretically and empirically -- has been the case where new information is not widely shared, so-called "strong-form" efficiency. This paper examines the relevance of a mechanism for attaining strong-form efficiency based on knowledgeable investors being willing to take large positions in order to eliminate unexploited profit opportunities. We examine ...
Working Paper
On the inverse of the covariance matrix in portfolio analysis
The goal of this study is the derivation and application of a direct characterization of the inverse of the covariance matrix central to portfolio analysis. As argued below, such a specification, in terms of a few primitive constructs, provides new and illuminating expressions for such key concepts as the optimal holdings of a given risky asset and the slope of the risk-return efficiency locus faced by the individual investor. The building blocks of the inverse turn out to be the regression coefficients and residual variance optained by regressing the asset's excess return on the set of ...
Discussion Paper
On the value of the firm and optimal investment under uncertainty