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Author:Gutkowski, Violeta A. 

Journal Article
Low- to Moderate-Income Community Development Outlook for Communities of Color in the Eighth District

Our Institute for Economic Equity reviews the economic conditions, including the impact of COVID-19, on LMI individuals and communities of color within our District.
Bridges , Volume 2021 (4)

Journal Article
Lockdown Responses to COVID-19

This article describes the relationship between countries' lockdown responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and those countries' political rights and civil liberties, macroeconomic variables, and vulnerability to the virus. Political rights and civil liberties cannot explain the differences in lockdown timing across countries. Countries with high contagion exposure due to weak water sanitation and weak health systems locked down their economies as fast as possible to reduce contagion. However, countries more vulnerable to COVID-19 due to large fractions of elderly and smokers in the population did ...
Review , Volume 103 , Issue 2 , Pages 127-151

Journal Article
Challenges Faced by Community-Based Organizations in the Eighth District

While community-based organizations faced milder COVID-19-related disruptions in 2022 relative to the previous year, signs of hardship remain.
Bridges

Survey Examines Health and Education Conditions in the Eighth District’s LMI Communities

In a recent survey of LMI community stakeholders, respondents expected some improvement in education conditions but a mixed outlook for health care in 2024.
On the Economy

Eighth District Firms Expect Slight Acceleration of Price Pressures in 2025

A recent survey of businesses in the Eighth District reveals that they expect their price increases to customers will be higher this year than their price hikes in 2024.
On the Economy

Essay
Racial Equity Could Produce Widespread Economic Gains

An analysis suggests that racial and ethnic equity in employment, hours worked, education and earnings could expand U.S. GDP by trillions of dollars.
Economic Equity Insights

The Role of Community-Based Organizations in Fostering Economic Equity

Low- to moderate-income communities continued to feel the effects of the pandemic in 2022. Though facing their own struggles, nonprofits helped them recover.
On the Economy

Survey Shows Weakening Conditions for Economic Mobility in Eighth District

A survey of entities serving low- and moderate-income communities in the Eighth District indicates that current conditions for economic mobility remain poor for many.
On the Economy

Journal Article
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to COVID-19 Relief

Unequal access to relief programs may help explain why LMI communities of color were more likely to report pandemic-related disruptions than white LMI communities.
Economic Synopses

COVID-19 Disruptions by Race, Ethnicity and Geography: An Update

In 2021, low- to moderate-income (LMI) communities of color were still more likely to report disruptions than LMI communities that were primarily white.
On the Economy

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