Search Results
Conference Paper
Credit availability in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Hmong community
Conference Paper
Are banking supervisory data useful for macroeconomic forecasts?
Report
Mortgage rates, homeownership rates, and government-sponsored enterprises
2001 Annual Report essay
Report
Fixing FDICIA: a plan to address the too-big-to-fail problem
1997 Annual Report Essay
Discussion Paper
Are banking supervisory data useful for macroeconomic forecasts?
Some argue that central banks can improve monetary policy by including confidential supervisory assessments of banking organizations in their forecasts of inflation and unemployment. In this study we examine the extent to which forecasts of these variables would have been improved with the inclusion of supervisory data. We begin by reproducing the earlier results used to support the claim. We critically examine them and extend the analysis from in-sample to out-of-sample testing. Finally, we check the robustness of our findings by extending the analysis period, using a different methodology ...
Discussion Paper
The affordable housing shortage: considering the problem, causes and solutions
Many observers claim that we are in the midst of an affordable housing shortage or, even worse, an affordable housing crisis. The primary concern is that too many households live in unaffordable rental units. We hope to clarify the current debate by first measuring the size of the problem, then diagnosing its underlying causes and, finally, discussing treatments that policymakers should consider. While our review is hardly exhaustive, we conclude that a shortage of income is largely behind the housing affordability problem despite the current focus on housing. Policymakers should recognize ...
Discussion Paper
Quantifying the costs of additional regulation on community banks
In this Economic Policy Paper, we quantify the cost of increased regulation on community banks. We do so by modeling the impact of new regulatory costs as the hiring of additional staff, resulting in higher total compensation and lower profitability. We then analyze the changes in the distribution of community bank profitability.
Discussion Paper
Forcing financial institution change through credible recovery/resolution plans: an alternative to plan-now/implement-later living wills
How can banks and similar institutions design optimal compensation systems? Would such systems conflict with the goals of society? This paper considers a theoretical framework of how banks structure job contracts with their employees to explore three points: the structure of a socially optimal compensation system; the structure of a compensation system that is privately optimal, given the reality of government-guaranteed bank debt; and policy interventions that can lead from the second structure to the first. Analysis reveals a potential policy option: providing proper incentives to banks by ...
Discussion Paper
Assessing Community Bank Consolidation
Observers argue that increased regulation and supervision added in response to the financial crisis will speed the decline of community banks. Determining if the rate of community bank consolidation is higher than it would have been absent this additional regulation requires a baseline estimate of community bank consolidation. A baseline estimate is particularly important because the number of community banks in the states of the Ninth Federal Reserve District and the nation as a whole has been in a steady rate of decline for several decades. This paper uses several simple methods to provide ...
Journal Article
Financial modernization, the FHLB and agricultural banks