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Working Paper
Trade linkages and the globalisation of inflation in Asia and the Pacific
Auer, Raphael; Mehrotra, Aaron (2014-04-01)
Some observers argue that increased real integration has led to greater co-movement of prices internationally. We examine the evidence for cross-border price spillovers among economies participating in the pan-Asian cross-border production networks. Starting with country-level data, we find that both producer price and consumer price inflation rates move more closely together between those Asian economies that trade more with one another, ie that share a higher degree of trade intensity. Next, using a novel data set based on the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), we examine the importance of ...
Globalization Institute Working Papers , Paper 172

Working Paper
Heterogeneous exporters: quantitative differences and qualitative similarities
Diez, Federico J.; Gonzalez, Alejandra; Casas, Camila (2017-01-13)
We combine two detailed datasets on Colombian manufacturing firms and document several stylized facts on exporter heterogeneity of total factor productivity (TFP) and export-market orientation, refining some previously known facts and unveiling some new others. We first show that the exporter productivity premium is remarkably robust across the methodologies used to recover TFP. We then document that the most productive exporters are those that export (1) a higher share of their total production, (2) to a larger number of countries, (3) to destinations less frequently reached by other ...
Working Papers , Paper 16-26

Discussion Paper
Global Supply Chains and U.S. Import Price Inflation
Amiti, Mary; Itskhoki, Oleg; Weinstein, David E. (2024-03-04)
Inflation around the world increased dramatically with the reopening of economies following COVID-19. After reaching a peak of 11 percent in the second quarter of 2021, world trade prices dropped by more than five percentage points by the middle of 2023. U.S. import prices followed a similar pattern, albeit with a lower peak and a deeper trough. In a new study, we investigate what drove these price movements by using information on the prices charged for products shipped from fifty-two exporters to fifty-two importers, comprising more than twenty-five million trade flows. We uncover several ...
Liberty Street Economics , Paper 20240304

Working Paper
Gains from Offshoring? Evidence from U.S. Microdata
Monarch, Ryan; Park, Jooyoun; Sivadasan, Jagadeesh (2014-11-11)
We construct a new linked data set with over one thousand offshoring events by matching Trade Adjustment Assistance program petition data to confidential data on U.S. firm operations. We exploit these data to assess how offshoring affects domestic firm-level aggregate employment, output, wages and productivity. Consistent with heterogenous firm models where offshoring involves a fixed cost, we find that the average offshoring firm is larger and more productive than the average non-offshorer. After initiating offshoring, firms experience large declines in employment (46.2 per cent), output ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1124

Working Paper
Estimating Unequal Gains across U.S. Consumers with Supplier Trade Data
Monarch, Ryan; Hottman, Colin (2018-01-17)
Using supplier-level trade data, we estimate the effect on consumer welfare from changes in U.S. imports both in the aggregate and for different household income groups from 1998 to 2014. To do this, we use consumer preferences which feature non-homotheticity both within sectors and across sectors. After structurally estimating the parameters of the model, using the universe of U.S. goods imports, we construct import price indexes in which a variety is defined as a foreign establishment producing an HS10 product that is exported to the United States. We find that lower income households ...
International Finance Discussion Papers , Paper 1220

Working Paper
Market Size and Trade in Medical Services
Dingel, Jonathan; Gottlieb, Joshua D.; Lozinski, Maya; Mourot, Pauline (2023-04-04)
We measure the importance of increasing returns to scale and trade in medical services. Using Medicare claims data, we document that “imported” medical care—services produced by a medical provider in a different region—constitute about one-fifth of US healthcare consumption. Larger regions specialize in producing less common procedures, which are traded more. These patterns reflect economies of scale: larger regions produce higher-quality services because they serve more patients. Because of increasing returns and trade costs, policies to improve access to care face a ...
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers , Paper 068

Report
The Impact of Global Shipping Cost Surges on US Import Price Inflation
Shen, Leslie Sheng; Stein, Hillary (2024-11-14)
Global shipping costs have soared to record highs in recent years. Costs spiked during the COVID-19 pandemic, driven by supply chain disruptions, labor shortages, and port congestion. Costs had eased by mid-2023, but they began rising again later that year and into 2024 due to Houthi violence off the coast of Yemen that restricted access to the Suez Canal and a drought at the Panama Canal that limited vessel traffic and forced rerouting around the Cape of Good Hope. As global shipping costs have soared, US import prices also have increased.
Current Policy Perspectives , Paper 2024-6

Journal Article
Price Equalization Does Not Imply Free Trade
Riezman, Raymond; Ravikumar, B.; Mutreja, Piyusha; Sposi, Michael (2015)
In this article, the authors demonstrate the possibility of price equalization in a two-country world with barriers to international trade. For price equalization to occur when the countries are asymmetric, the country with higher productivity must also be the one with the lower trade barrier. A corollary of the authors? result is that small departures from purchasing power parity do not necessarily imply that world trade is mostly integrated.
Review , Volume 97 , Issue 4 , Pages 323-39

Report
How did China’s WTO entry benefit U.S. prices?
Feenstra, Robert C.; Romalis, John; Dai, Mi; Amiti, Mary (2017-06-01)
We analyze the effects of China?s rapid export expansion following World Trade Organization (WTO) entry on U.S. prices, exploiting cross-industry variation in trade liberalization. Lower input tariffs boosted Chinese firms? productivity, lowered costs, and, in conjunction with reduced U.S. tariff uncertainty, expanded export participation. We find that China?s WTO entry significantly reduced variety-adjusted U.S. manufacturing price indexes between 2000 and 2006. For the Chinese components of these indexes, one-third of the beneficial impact comes from Chinese exporters lowering their prices, ...
Staff Reports , Paper 817

Working Paper
Disentangling the Effects of the 2018-2019 Tariffs on a Globally Connected U.S. Manufacturing Sector
Flaaen, Aaron; Pierce, Justin R. (2019-12-26)
Since the beginning of 2018, the United States has undertaken unprecedented tariff increases, with one goal of these actions being to boost the manufacturing sector. In this paper, we estimate the effect of the tariffs---including retaliatory tariffs by U.S. trading partners---on manufacturing employment, output, and producer prices. A key feature of our analysis is accounting for the multiple ways that tariffs might affect the manufacturing sector, including providing protection for domestic industries, raising costs for imported inputs, and harming competitiveness in overseas markets due ...
Finance and Economics Discussion Series , Paper 2019-086

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