Search Results
Showing results 1 to 10 of approximately 48.
(refine search)
Working Paper
The Geography of Jobs and the Gender Wage Gap
Su, Yichen; Liu, Sitian
(2020-10-02)
Prior studies have shown that women are more willing to trade off wages for short commutes than men. Given the gender difference in commuting preferences, we show that the wage return to commuting (i.e., the wage penalty for reducing commute time) that stems from the spatial distribution of jobs contributes to the gender wage gap. We propose a simple job choice model, which predicts that differential commuting preferences would lead to a larger gender wage gap for workers who face greater wage returns to commuting based on their locations of residence and occupations. We then show empirical ...
Working Papers
, Paper 2028
Report
Gender and dynamic agency: theory and evidence on the compensation of top executives
Albanesi, Stefania; Olivetti, Claudia; Prados, María José
(2015-03-01)
We document three new facts about gender differences in executive compensation. First, female executives receive a lower share of incentive pay in total compensation relative to males. This difference accounts for 93 percent of the gender gap in total pay. Second, the compensation of female executives displays lower pay-performance sensitivity. A $1 million increase in firm value generates a $17,150 increase in firm-specific wealth for male executives and a $1,670 increase for females. Third, female executives are more exposed to bad firm performance and less exposed to good firm performance ...
Staff Reports
, Paper 718
Journal Article
Where Are They Now? Workers with Young Children during COVID-19
Pitts, M. Melinda
(2021-09-01)
Employment levels for prime-age workers have been greatly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decline has fallen disproportionately on females, especially compared to past recessions, and the presence of young children is a driving factor in this differential response. This article identifies the impact of gender, young children, and the presence of a spouse on the attachment to employment for individuals who were employed immediately prior to the pandemic. Compared to the Great Recession and the most recent expansionary period in 2019, women with young children have a relatively lower ...
Policy Hub
, Volume 2021
, Issue 10
Working Paper
Telework, Childcare, and Mothers’ Labor Supply
Heggeness, Misty; Suri, Palak
(2021-11-16)
We study the impact of increased pandemic-related childcare responsibilities on custodial mothers by telework compatibility of their job. We estimate changes in employment outcomes of these mothers in a difference-in-difference framework relative to prime-age women without children and a triple-difference framework relative to prime-age custodial fathers. Mothers' labor force participation decreased between 0.1 to 1.5 percentage points (ppts) relative to women without dependent children and 0.3 to 2.0 ppts compared to custodial fathers. Conditional on being in the labor force, the probability ...
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers
, Paper 52
Journal Article
Hit Harder, Recover Slower? Unequal Employment Effects of the COVID-19 Shock
Lee, Sang Yoon (Tim); Park, Minsung; Shin, Yongseok
(2021-10-18)
The destructive economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was distributed unequally across the population. A worker's gender, race and ethnicity, age, education, industry, and occupation all mattered. We analyze the initial negative effect and its lingering effect through the recovery phase, across demographic and socioeconomic groups. The initial negative impact on employment was larger for women, minorities, the less educated, and the young whether or not we account for the industries and occupations they worked in. By February 2021, however, the differential effects across groups had gotten ...
Review
, Volume 103
, Issue 4
, Pages 367-383
Journal Article
The Uneven Recovery in Prime-Age Labor Force Participation
Tuzemen, Didem; Tran, Thao
(2019-07)
The labor force participation rate of prime-age individuals (age 25 to 54) in the United States declined dramatically during and after the Great Recession. Although the prime-age labor force participation rate has been increasing since mid-2015, it remains below its pre-recession level. Understanding the reasons for this decline requires detailed analysis; aggregate statistics on labor force participation may mask potential differences in labor market outcomes by sex or educational attainment. Didem Tzemen and Thao Tran identify these differences, finding that prime-age men and women without ...
Economic Review
, Issue Q III
, Pages 21-41
Newsletter
Did Covid-19 disproportionately affect mothers’ labor market activity?
Hu, Luojia; Aaronson, Daniel; Rajan, Aastha
(2021-01-14)
School and day care center restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic have presented enormous challenges to parents trying to juggle work with child-care responsibilities. Still, empirical evidence on the impact of pandemic-related child-care constraints on the labor market outcomes of working parents is somewhat mixed. Some studies suggest the pandemic had no additional impact on the labor supply of parents, while other studies show not only that it did but that the negative impact was disproportionately borne by working mothers.
Chicago Fed Letter
, Issue 450
, Pages 5
Working Paper
Does Access to Free Pre-Kindergarten Increase Maternal Labor Supply?
Ilin, Elias; Shampine, Samantha; Terry, Ellyn
(2022-02-02)
In this paper, we evaluate the effects of free pre-kindergarten (pre-K) programs on the labor force participation (LFP) of mothers. We use variation in pre-K rules across all US states, including income eligibility requirements in some states. To estimate the causal effects of access to pre-K on labor supply, we exploit the panel aspect of the monthly Current Population Survey between 2002 and 2019. Specifically, we look at the change in labor market behavior of women when their child becomes age-eligible for pre-K, controlling for individual factors. We find that access to free pre-K ...
FRB Atlanta Working Paper
, Paper 2022-3
Working Paper
Decomposing Gender Differences in Bankcard Credit Limits
Blascak, Nathan; Tranfaglia, Anna
(2021-11-02)
In this paper, we examine if there are gender differences in total bankcard limits by utilizing a data set that links mortgage applicant information with individual-level credit bureau data from 2006 to 2016. We document that after controlling for credit score, income, and demographic characteristics, male borrowers on average have higher total bankcard limits than female borrowers. Using a standard Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we find that 87 percent of the gap is explained by differences in the effect of observed characteristics between male and female borrowers, while ...
Working Papers
, Paper 21-35
Report
Gender discrimination and social identity: experimental evidence from urban Pakistan
Zafar, Basit; Delavande, Adeline
(2013)
Gender discrimination in South Asia is a well-documented fact. However, gender is only one of an individual?s many identities. This paper investigates how gender discrimination depends on the social identities of interacting parties. We use an experimental approach to identify gender discrimination by randomly matching 2,836 male and female students pursuing bachelor?s-equivalent degrees in three different types of institutions?Madrassas (religious seminaries), Islamic universities, and liberal universities?that represent distinct identities within the Pakistani society. Our main finding is ...
Staff Reports
, Paper 593
FILTER BY year
FILTER BY Bank
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) 13 items
Federal Reserve Bank of New York 7 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta 6 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis 5 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City 4 items
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston 2 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia 2 items
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco 2 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago 1 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland 1 items
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas 1 items
show more (7)
show less
FILTER BY Series
Finance and Economics Discussion Series 13 items
Working Papers 7 items
Staff Reports 6 items
Opportunity and Inclusive Growth Institute Working Papers 5 items
Policy Hub 3 items
FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2 items
Research Working Paper 2 items
Review 2 items
Working Paper Series 2 items
Chicago Fed Letter 1 items
Economic Bulletin 1 items
Economic Review 1 items
Liberty Street Economics 1 items
Policy Hub* 1 items
Working Papers (Old Series) 1 items
show more (10)
show less
FILTER BY Content Type
Working Paper 32 items
Journal Article 7 items
Report 6 items
Discussion Paper 2 items
Newsletter 1 items
FILTER BY Author
Lim, Katherine 9 items
Zabek, Mike 9 items
Blascak, Nathan 3 items
Heggeness, Misty 3 items
Hitczenko, Marcin 3 items
Pitts, M. Melinda 3 items
Tranfaglia, Anna 3 items
Zafar, Basit 3 items
Ilin, Elias 2 items
Leukhina, Oksana 2 items
Owen, Ann L. 2 items
Shampine, Samantha 2 items
Temesvary, Judit 2 items
Terry, Ellyn 2 items
Tran, Thao 2 items
Tuzemen, Didem 2 items
Vandenbroucke, Guillaume 2 items
Wei, Andrew 2 items
Wiswall, Matthew 2 items
Aaronson, Daniel 1 items
Abel, Jaison R. 1 items
Adams-Prassl, Abi 1 items
Aggarwal, Raj 1 items
Albanesi, Stefania 1 items
Bharadwaj, Prashant 1 items
Bracha, Anat 1 items
Cajner, Tomaz 1 items
Canon, Maria E. 1 items
Chari, Anusha 1 items
Cohen, Alma 1 items
Conell-Price, Lynn 1 items
De Giorgi, Giacomo 1 items
Deitz, Richard 1 items
Delavande, Adeline 1 items
Golan, Limor 1 items
Goldsmith-Pinkham, Paul 1 items
Goodell, John 1 items
Hansen, David 1 items
Hu, Luojia 1 items
Huttunen, Kristiina 1 items
Kuka, Elira 1 items
Lee, Sang Yoon (Tim) 1 items
León, Ana Sofía 1 items
Liu, Sitian 1 items
Lofton, Olivia 1 items
Minhas, Sabrina 1 items
Morchio, Iacopo 1 items
Moser, Christian 1 items
Murray-Close, Marta 1 items
Neilson, Christopher 1 items
Nix, Emily 1 items
Oksol, Amy 1 items
Olivetti, Claudia 1 items
Park, Minsung 1 items
Petrosky-Nadeau, Nicolas 1 items
Prados, María José 1 items
Radler, Tyler 1 items
Rajan, Aastha 1 items
Ratner, David 1 items
Seitelman, Lily 1 items
Shenhav, Na’ama 1 items
Shin, Yongseok 1 items
Smith, Cody A. 1 items
Su, Yichen 1 items
Suri, Palak 1 items
Vidangos, Ivan 1 items
Zhang, Ning 1 items
show more (62)
show less
FILTER BY Jel Classification
J22 9 items
J32 8 items
M12 8 items
J31 7 items
J62 7 items
L23 7 items
J13 6 items
A14 5 items
J21 5 items
J24 5 items
J10 4 items
J15 4 items
C51 3 items
D10 3 items
D13 3 items
G21 3 items
G51 3 items
G53 3 items
J01 3 items
C91 2 items
E24 2 items
G34 2 items
G50 2 items
H21 2 items
H31 2 items
I14 2 items
I18 2 items
I31 2 items
J12 2 items
J18 2 items
J20 2 items
J70 2 items
A11 1 items
C72 1 items
C80 1 items
D81 1 items
D84 1 items
G3 1 items
H20 1 items
H23 1 items
I00 1 items
I21 1 items
I23 1 items
I25 1 items
J0 1 items
J00 1 items
J08 1 items
J11 1 items
J30 1 items
J33 1 items
J64 1 items
J7 1 items
J81 1 items
M54 1 items
O16 1 items
R12 1 items
R41 1 items
Z10 1 items
show more (54)
show less
FILTER BY Keywords
Employment 11 items
gender 11 items
COVID-19 9 items
Amenities 8 items
Job quality 7 items
Surveys 7 items
Labor Force Participation 6 items
Labor Supply 6 items
childcare 5 items
human capital 4 items
Women 3 items
gender roles 3 items
Ethnicity 3 items
Race 3 items
credit 3 items
credit cards 3 items
decomposition 3 items
gender wage gap 3 items
Survey of Consumer Payment Choice 2 items
college majors 2 items
education 2 items
female labor force participation 2 items
household finances 2 items
on-the-job investment 2 items
proportional odds model 2 items
selection bias 2 items
Bank boards 2 items
Compensating differentials 2 items
Gender diversity 2 items
Inequality 2 items
Maternal labor force participation 2 items
Unemployment 2 items
Universal pre-K 2 items
Administrative records 1 items
Business Cycle 1 items
Child care 1 items
Cost of caregiving 1 items
Data quality 1 items
Difference-in-difference 1 items
Discrimination 1 items
Early education 1 items
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) 1 items
Earnings 1 items
Earnings inequality 1 items
Economics of Gender 1 items
Equilibrium search model 1 items
GRE performance 1 items
Gender equality 1 items
Gender inequality 1 items
Gender telework 1 items
Household Surveys 1 items
Labor 1 items
Labor force 1 items
Linked employer-employee data 1 items
Management practices 1 items
Monopsony 1 items
NPI policies 1 items
Panel Study of Income Dynamics 1 items
Prime-age individuals 1 items
Prime-age labor force 1 items
Racial Disparities 1 items
Sex discrimination against women 1 items
Sexual harassment 1 items
Social choice 1 items
Social norms 1 items
Spousal earnings 1 items
Stereotype (Psychology) 1 items
Survey misreporting 1 items
Taste-based discrimination 1 items
Women - Education 1 items
Worker and firm heterogeneity 1 items
Workplace conflict 1 items
affirmative action 1 items
age 1 items
childcare policies 1 items
children 1 items
commuting 1 items
diversity 1 items
early education policies 1 items
economics 1 items
fertility 1 items
gender differences 1 items
gender differences in executive pay 1 items
gender earnings gap 1 items
gender equality policies 1 items
gender gap 1 items
hours 1 items
household finance 1 items
incentive pay 1 items
incentives 1 items
labor market outcomes 1 items
marriage 1 items
middle-income countries 1 items
occupation 1 items
pandemic 1 items
pay-performance sensitivity 1 items
penalized maximum likelihood 1 items
probit models 1 items
professional networks 1 items
representation 1 items
social networks 1 items
spatial distribution of jobs 1 items
stereotype threat 1 items
subjective expectations 1 items
uncertainty 1 items
women's labor force participation 1 items
work flexibility 1 items
workplace preferences 1 items
show more (122)
show less